I’m slightly behind on Hanamaru Kindergarten, but the last episode I saw was quite good. The yakuza child Hinagiku is a welcome addition to the cast; she’s clearly mature and refined beyond her years, but she still essentially acts like a little girl playing tea party. It’s great fun.
But then, why IS she so refined? Her family’s rich, certainly, but growing up in a house of gangsters and coming out like Hinagiku seems terribly unlikely. And yet, here we are, watching a five year-old girl in kimono breaking her sandal strap and introducing herself to a kabuki soundtrack. Of course, we’ve seen this type so often before.
(Incidentally, two of them also have enka theme songs. Coincidence?)
The yakuza princess is popular enough to share space on a TV Tropes entry (not that that says terribly much, mind). Sometimes she’ll have a bit of a rough, dangerous edge when backed into a corner, but the essential quality of the yakuza princess is her beauty, grace, and all those signs of an ancient fine Japanese pedigree, which are at odds with the family business. Or are they?
Here’s what I think: From the early 1800s to the present, hardly any aspect of Japanese culture has been left untouched by western modernity. Hiroki Azuma says that Japan has been fundamentally disrupted not just once, but twice in less than a century: First with the black ships and the Meiji Restoration, and secondly with defeat in World War II. Even the yamato nadeshiko, the “traditional” ideal Japanese woman, has been set up today as a reply to modern, western femininity.
And yet– claim Japanese television and movies– there is one institution that has survived the march of the ages. Its true origins are shrouded in mystery, but the popular imagination dictates that it goes back as far as the Tokugawa period, to the venerable days of the samurai. Today, it is extremely powerful, entrenched in all parts of society, and its members alone maintain the old ways. I’m talking, of course, about the yakuza.
It isn’t actually true. In real life, yakuza are really just organized thugs. But the belief that they follow ancient traditions and codes of honor—that’s no small thing. I’m saying that effectively, anime uses the criminal underground as its special space to reconstruct the lost ultra-traditional female.
(EDIT – Thanks, ghostlightning!)
First, remember this entry of mine?
No Longer Human and Misogyny
The yamato nadeshiko was originally part of that Meiji-era push to define what made Japanese culture so special and great. But it morphed into something particularly desperate during the Showa era: Women who proved their loyalty, their Japanese-ness, against the barbarian west. I would go further and say that since the end of World War II, the concept hasn’t moved away from that strict binary. A yamato nadeshiko is prized precisely because she’s such a rarity (such a direct opposite) among modern Japanese women.
When we’re dealing with otaku, it gets more complicated. If you don’t mind me dragging out Hiroki Azuma again, he says that a large part of the otaku superiority complex (sentiments along the lines of “we are the future of this country”) comes from an imagined connection to pre-modern traditions. Our old culture hasn’t been disrupted and lost, say the otaku; it has been preserved IN the otaku.
And yet! And yet, otaku culture proper is only about fifty years old. The people we know as Gainax (the guys who, incidentally, make Hanamaru Kindergarten) burst onto the scene only about twenty years after this whole thing began. Their earliest point of reference, contemporaneous with the rest of Japan, is the 1960s– in other words, the heyday of yakuza films, samurai movies and enka.
And then there’s some point to be made about how it all comes together through the otaku obsession with moe traits, and the general Japanese obsession with types. And Yamamoto-sensei, the main eye-candy, the big-breasted teacher who appears to be the perfect woman in every way without having to be a kimono-wearing Japanese girl, also complicates matters.
It’s a deep, rich subject. But at the same time, I just love how these kids can ride on grown-ups’ shoulders like parrots.






March 15, 2010 at 9:59 am
>>yakuza child
I need to catch up on this show NOW.
Yakuza queen is one of my favorite tropes, because it combines two of my favorite things – untouchably badass women and yakuza. Actually, in this story/script/thing I’m writing, Dark Dreams at the End of the World, something like 50% of the characters could qualify as ‘yakuza queen’s. No coincidence that Black Lagoon is one of my influences…
(though for the record my story ain’t set in Japan so I can’t totally claim ‘yakuza’ on anything)
March 15, 2010 at 10:39 am
I’ve heard– but don’t take my word on it– that the yakuza have limited operations on US coasts, working behind companies in cities with a lot of Japanese, that sort of thing.
Your story sounds interesting, but be careful not to have too much of a good thing.
Thanks for reading.
March 15, 2010 at 11:02 am
Hehe, it’s not in America either. It’s in a ‘dimensional nexus’ though I guess that means Japanese people could be there too~
March 15, 2010 at 10:31 am
Just when I thought you were going to break this interesting thing wide open, you stop. Why stop here? Tell us more please.
March 15, 2010 at 11:01 am
Yeah 2DT. GL and I want you to write longer posts! Get into the bones of it!
March 15, 2010 at 11:08 am
Well… for you, sure.
(EDIT: 285 words of extra material moved to main post; see above – 2DT)
But now you see how I couldn’t possibly write everything I’m thinking about this subject and stay in my normal 500-word range, right?
March 15, 2010 at 11:14 am
Honey-bunny I will never understand what makes you think anyone can’t read more than 500 words! After all, GL and I are physically incapable of writing posts under 1000 words XD but hey, honestly, it’s no biggey to me, since I’m just happy that you post so frequently, and I wouldn’t necessarily want to sacrifice your every-3-days updates for longer posts, but I will say that as long as you aren’t writing a book on the page, I’m always interested in more rather than less of what you have to say sweetey ~_^
March 15, 2010 at 11:21 am
The Yamato Nadeshiko reminds me a lot of another Japanese trope, which is less to do with yakuza and more to do with Japanese mythos: the onryo. An onryo is essentially a woman ghost who was murdered and takes out her rage on random people unrelated to the murderer. Male onryo are rare, but hell, wouldn’t The Punisher from Marvel Comics be a male mortal version of the onryo?
Onryo also seem to be brought about by yakuza murders so it seems, since the yakuza do a lot of murdering.
Also about Yamato Nadeshiko: it seems modern Japanese men find strong and frank women sexually intimidating, hence otaku cling to female archetypes preserved in anime and manga but non-existent or rare in real life. 2DT, Australia and inquiring minds want to know!
March 15, 2010 at 11:30 am
@ digitalboy: Thank you, cupcake. Now if I feel the urge to slip in an extra fifty or so, I’ll be more inclined to take it.
It’s nice to have someone who believes in the me who believes in them.
@ newgeekphilosopher: I never knew about this onryo, but I have often heard the intimidation hypothesis. I don’t know if it’s really true, especially now that we have a generation of otaku born and raised on the fruits of previous generations. We could simply be conditioned to like that type, regardless of what we feel like toward real-life women.
March 15, 2010 at 11:13 am
Well, that was a lot interesting, and very informative. I understand why you would want to keep your posts at 500 words, but man putting that in is worth it.
That said, say more how Yamamoto sensei complicates matters. It complicates what exactly? Your neat reading of how it all comes together?
March 15, 2010 at 11:22 am
Right. Hinagiku’s cute, as are all the kids, but they don’t hold a candle to the allure of Yamamoto-sensei, with her Akari Mizunashi voice and her bouncy Gainax chest. In the episode introducing Hinagiku, even she feels utterly defeated by Yamamoto-sensei’s charm. It complicates matters because, other than some vague ideas about Belldandy and competing ideologies of yamato nadeshikos (kimono versus blouse and apron), I honestly have no clue how to explain it.
But, taken as one of many shows with the same trope, I think my earlier observations still hold true. Thanks for your interest; I really appreciate the opportunity to spin out my thoughts, though I don’t think I want to do it all the time.
March 22, 2010 at 3:34 am
I agree here with this complication. How should Yamamoto-sensei be “classified” (I don’t want to do.. yaadaaa)… A “re-definition” maybe? idk
March 15, 2010 at 12:39 pm
Conditioned, you say? That makes sense, but as a passionate youth I find it disturbing that a notion of love can be imposed like that. Surely our culture alters our perception of women, but in this age, wouldn’t men’s preferences in personality be dependent on the individual? This thing about men disliking brusque women – I feel it’s more a trend than a standard. Well, this could boil down into another nature vs. nurture debate, so I’ll stop voicing my lethargic morning ponderings.
Rather, I commend any of the folk that fancy Yamamoto-sensei. Girl’s so sexually numb getting to her is like drilling into an army complex with earphones. Furthers my belief that the Japanese have a knack for the meticulous.
You’ve reminded me of that Yakuza Girl manga, but that was such a mess that I can’t quite make any connections between that and the Yakuza Nadeshiko. Maybe the heroine’s personality coincides, but… Flying boobies…
March 17, 2010 at 10:07 am
Passion fades, young man, as all things do… Though that said, you’re not so much younger than me.
Yamamoto-sensei really is starting to get on my nerves. There are so many other appealing women on that staff… Come on, Tsucchi, at least go after the girl who invites you to her house!
March 15, 2010 at 12:42 pm
Can’t say I know this trope all that well, but it’s an interesting approach to the gangster. I’ve read arguments that the American gangster is more or less the adventurous masculine immigrant cowboy moved from the frontier to the city. So after the death of the old West it’s the modern outlaws who inherit the mystique of the past.
I’d always though that the US gangster was a good example of a criminal subculture made appealing because it plays into people’s love of rebellion. It’s intriguing that an outlaw can also be a symbol of conservatism. Which, er, makes the gender divide between these examples striking.
Dunno if you’ve seen Kurenai, but that’s probably relevant here.
March 17, 2010 at 10:10 am
I suppose even in the west the outlaw has become something of a conservative archetype. Ah, remember the good old days when men were men and people knew respect, et cetera.
If you’ve got a link to that gangster material, I’d love to see it. Sounds fascinating!
March 17, 2010 at 12:21 pm
I’m afraid I can’t quite remember where I first came across that argument, and it was probably not online, but there’s some stuff along those lines from p.134 onwards here: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tFyANhgDs2sC&
March 15, 2010 at 3:45 pm
To go off of what coburn was saying, Americans romanticize prohibition era mobsters as classy, rugged outlaws rather than remember reality (but we get cool shit like Baccano! instead so who am I to complain). There’s also the antiquated archetype of women associated with the era, the Lady in the Black Dress that sings in the club accompanied by piano and smokes with a long, thin pipe. Equally rare in society today as Yamato Nadeshiko, just not as aggressively fetishized.
March 17, 2010 at 10:14 am
Very true. Then again, I think western geek culture in particular fetishizes the flapper girl. In fact, geek culture has a lot of issues with female archetypes as opposed to characters, and it’s very easy to assume it’s because we’re all losers who never get laid. But that tends to cut discussion rather short.
Good points. Thanks for reading.
March 15, 2010 at 4:10 pm
Thanks for the history lesson…all the points you brought up about Western influence and otaku has given me more things to ponder.
It’s kind of interesting how Hinagiku is so polite and proper while being raised by tough-talking yakuza. She acts traditional like Yamamoto-sensei, yet comes from an upbringing that’s quite contrasting. Maybe she’ll show more of her strong “yakuza princess” side when she gets older.
March 17, 2010 at 10:18 am
I confess, I would like to see an OVA that deals with the Hanamaru girls in college or young adulthood. Grown-up people are so unlike what they were in kindergarten, and yet I think if we looked hard enough we could see ourselves still.
I only hope it’s not TOO clear that I’ve just finished the “Otaku” book and am still madly fellating Hiroki Azuma.
I’ve got other books in line, so hopefully the tenor of my posts will change into something more interesting.
March 15, 2010 at 4:21 pm
Yamato Nadeko~
March 17, 2010 at 10:21 am
Fuwa fuwa ri, fuwa fuwa ru…
March 15, 2010 at 4:31 pm
I think your observation that the way Hinagaku turned out is unlikely, is lacking a little bit.
First, it assumes that the Yakuza have little or no manners. I think that’s a shaky assumption to make. They act tough outwardly much of the time, and that inspires fear. It doesn’t mean they lack manners, it just means they choose not to use them most of the time. This ties into my second point.
Hinagaku is clearly “Daddy’s Little Girl.” Tsuchi makes the comment that she has the yakuza wrapped around her finger, and it shows. Her father wants her to have the best of everything. Therefore, it makes sense that he would treat her and raise her with more refinement than he would ever show to a fellow gang member, and enforce that code on his men.
Just something to think about. ^_^
March 17, 2010 at 10:27 am
I imagine a real yakuza family would have many of the same problems that western families involved in crime have: alcoholism, drug addiction, abuse, the trauma of parents and relatives doing frequent stints in jail. Hinagiku works as she does because she lives in a fictional yakuza family, which ultimately brings us back to the discussion at hand.
But you know, I’m totally guilty of making baseless statements on the assumption that people will agree. All the time, really. So thanks for the food-thought.
March 16, 2010 at 1:31 am
I’m so behind on the episodes >_<
March 17, 2010 at 10:29 am
That isn’t so bad. This is a show I wouldn’t mind marathoning. But I haven’t been behind for long– most weeks I’m chomping at the bit for more kindergarten adventures, which I will never, ever admit in public.
March 16, 2010 at 7:02 am
The yamato nadeshiko sounds like the backlash against Westernization (or globalization?–I don’t want to start the world is becoming Western debate.) I notice in a lot of societies, where some cling to old traditions to stand up against uncomfortable change. Now I’m not saying all change is good, but it’s similar to the French determination to keep English words out of their language, we see that some are entrenched in preserving the pureness of their past culture against “modern” contamination.
As for Hinagaku, she may be polite and nice now, but I’m willing to bet she maintains that niceness with a deeper, hidden mean streak when she’s older and becomes leader of the yakuza. By then, she’ll be nice on the outside, but piss her off and she’ll take you out (politely of course).
Thanks for the good post as always. I have to admit it’s always tough for me to write an insightful comment back.
March 17, 2010 at 10:38 am
The tricky thing about Japan is that their past culture has been blown to bits. It’s all very well preserved, of course, but to the modern Japanese person, much of the meaning is simply gone… Of course, this assumes you’re hunky-dory with this gloomy postmodern stuff.
You know, I always wonder if I leave an opening for discussion in the things I write. That’s another reason why I try to keep things short, so that there are things to expound on (and less research to do
).
I haven’t left a comment yet, but I read and liked your latest entry, just FYI. Cheers.
March 17, 2010 at 4:17 am
The two “fundamental disruptions” to Japan (black ships event and bombdropx2), I’ve always thought of as Nihon’s two psychotic breaks. I’m not sure they’ve completely processed either of them, really.
As for yakuza… I’m finishing the first draft of a novel (my own original – not an adaptation of someone else’s for a change) and I’ve reached the part of the story where the yakuza finally enter in. I’ve been watching more yakuza movies from Netflix and videos on You Tube for research than I want to think about. Gah! Soon I will be greasing my hair back and referring to males around me as “Anniki” in a gutteral voice…
March 17, 2010 at 10:42 am
No, I don’t think they have processed those events very well. I’m reading another book right now called “Kafka on the Shore” by Haruki Murakami, and there’s a great scene where an old man says that he used to see Americans on the beach as a child, back when America occupied Japan, and the young guy he’s talking to says that doesn’t make sense, because “America never occupied Japan.” The amnesia runs hard and deep.
Good luck with your novel! Depending on when you finish, I’ll either order it on Amazon Japan or get it from a bookstore when I return to the US. Either way, I’m going to be your fan.
March 17, 2010 at 5:49 am
[...] 2DT’s Yakuza Princess deconstruction in Hanamaru Kindergarten [...]
March 22, 2010 at 3:38 am
Yes, this is complicated.
I like the focus here on this modern shift in consciousness. Now I’m not really sure how a nadeshiko should be called or definied. I am a fan of [some] traditional Japanese aspects, but I’m not all that familiar with how the culture defines these fine specimens, but maybe it’s not a finite definition, maybe it requires the context of now and then to manifest.
Yamato nadeshiko should be able to bend the laws of time and space… imo.
March 23, 2010 at 10:09 pm
Anyways, based on stereotypes I learned from movies and anime, the daughter of Yakuza tend to be shielded from the thug life somewhat. At the very least, the truly boorish acts are reserved for the henchmen, while the higher ups carry themselves in a more elegant manner. So this has never seemed that weird to me.
Still, now that you mention it, this character type IS very unlikely.
“And Yamamoto-sensei, the main eye-candy, the big-breasted teacher who appears to be the perfect woman in every way without having to be a kimono-wearing Japanese girl, also complicates matters.”
I never knew such a type existed.
August 3, 2010 at 12:01 am
[...] more on the yamato nadeshiko in a modern context, 2DT has two excellent [...]